There are three main ways that a pig farm can be easily attacked by external pathogens: the first way is the entry and exit personnel and unsafe food residues; the second way is contaminated feed and feed ingredients. The third route is the contaminated transportation system or the pathogens remaining in the transportation system. The third way that we are most prone to loopholes and inadequate monitoring in pig farm operations is the one that has spread the most widely in Africa.
How do we create a hot and clean environment to disinfect contaminated transportation systems? The new vehicle decontamination center can quickly, easily and effectively create a specific “high temperature + dry + clean” environment. The effectiveness of the new vehicle decontamination center is derived from the characteristics of the rapid inactivation of most pathogenic microorganisms in a specific “high temperature + dry + clean” environment. For example, ASFV African swine fever virus , ASFV in the blood is still stable for 18 months at 4 ° C; at 22 ° C, ASFV in the blood begins to inactivate slowly; but at 65 ° C, it is weakly alkaline ASFV in stool can be inactivated in 1 minute.
Next, according to the construction model of Shanghai Gurui Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Equipment Co., Ltd. in the new vehicle decontamination center, we will explain the location planning, construction and use of the new vehicle decontamination center.
A decontamination center with full functions and good use results. The first requirement in site selection is to choose a clean path on our pig farm. It should be near the pig farm 3 km and not more than 5 km. Secondary pollution; the second requirement is to be more than 500 m away from other cloven-hoofed animal farms / houses and clustered villages to avoid adverse effects on the epidemic prevention of the decontamination center; the third requirement is convenient access to vehicles and road capacity Good, improve vehicle use efficiency and reduce unnecessary time.
In planning and design, the first requirement is to separate the polluted area from the clean area, and the design complies with the principle of “one-way flow”. It flows from the polluted area to the clean area individually to avoid cross-contamination; Sewage discharge and other specific details ensure that the polluted area is in the downwind direction, external drainage is discharged from the clean area to the polluted area, and a sewage treatment area is set up. The third requirement is to rationally arrange the number of aisles in the cleaning and disinfection areas according to the number of service trains in the decontamination center, so as to avoid the shortage of supplies caused by the long waiting time of vehicles.
A reasonable decontamination center needs to have well-defined functional units, scientific and efficient decontamination procedures and intelligent information management systems. According to the decontamination center constructed by Shanghai Gurui Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Equipment Co., Ltd. for a certain farming and animal husbandry group in Guangxi, it can be divided into three parts: pretreatment zone, cleaning zone, and high-temperature disinfection zone, including gatehouse, parking and washing area, and cleaning. Station, parking drain area, isolation area, vehicle drying station, personnel and article disinfection channel, auxiliary power room, hardened ground, sewage treatment area, laundry washing and drying room, parking area, etc.
According to the clean area and dirty area provided by the decontamination center, it is necessary to ensure that the decontamination vehicles must flow in one direction and cannot be washed in series or backwashed. At the same time, pig farms with economic conditions can also set up a professional testing room in the decontamination center to test a series of decontamination supplies such as water quality, disinfectants, items in the cleaning station, and items in the drying station, and then evaluate the effect of disinfection and drying To ensure the maximum utilization of the decontamination center, and also to rationally improve and optimize our decontamination procedures and management methods based on the test results.
According to the recommendations of Shanghai Gurui’s equipment instruction manual, the basic procedures of the decontamination center are as follows:
The first step is that the vehicles of the transportation system need to be parked in the pretreatment area for washing. When cleaning, the vehicle drives to the washing station in the washing area for washing. After the driver stops, he goes to the bathroom to take a bath. The second step is for the vehicle to clean the dirt in the order of inside, outside, top to bottom, and front to back. For the interior, clean, disinfect and clean the dust in the cab. At the same time, wipe the interior of the cab with a disinfectant, spray or Smoke disinfects the cab. The third step is the external cleaning of the vehicle. Wet the car and its external surface with low pressure and soak for 10-15 minutes. The chassis is cleaned from front to back, and then the vehicle is flushed with high pressure from front to back. The fourth step is to spray the whole vehicle with foam after rinsing, soaking for 15 minutes. Then follow the above-mentioned sequence of high-pressure flushing, stop the car and drain, and then disinfect the whole car with disinfectant. It needs to stand for a valid period of time. The fifth step is after the disinfection, the driver after bathing, changing clothes and changing shoes returns to the washing station according to the prescribed route and drives the vehicle into the drying station at 70 ° C for 30 minutes. The final step is to park the dried vehicle in a clean area parking lot, waiting for the driver to drive the vehicle out of the decontamination center. At the same time, after the decontamination center staff has completed the decontamination of the vehicle, the decontamination floor, high pressure washer, foam washer, dryer and hydraulic lifting platform and other equipment can be reused after disinfection. Remove used work clothes, work boots, and cleaning tools from the washroom, and wash, disinfect, and dry in designated areas.
In the process of disinfection, these places require our special attention or focus. Only by taking these details into place can our decontamination effect be fundamentally guaranteed.
1. The roof is easy to ignore and difficult to clean at the same time; 2. Dirt is easy to be left in the gap between the high rails, and special flushing equipment is needed to focus on the residue in this position. 3. Electrically-driven equipment such as vehicle electrical control boxes need to be waterproofed before cleaning. 4. The vehicle chassis and tires, the junction of the cab and the cabin are prone to residues and difficult to reach. High-pressure cleaning equipment is required for focused cleaning. 5. It is forbidden to pile up sundries in the cab, and focus on the equipment that is easy to collect dust such as foot pads and control pedals. 6. It must be noted that all vehicles and personnel supplies can only be moved in a single item, and can not be moved in the opposite direction and beating and decontamination without following the process. 7. The effluent pressure of the decontamination center must be guaranteed, and the basic pressure must be above 15 MPa to ensure the effect of decontamination and washing. 8. If it is used in the winter in the north, special attention should be paid to prevent the icing phenomenon after cleaning. You can use boiler heating water for washing. 9. If non-all-metal vehicles have canvas or wooden boards, taking into account the poor conductivity of the object, the temperature conduction is too slow, the cleaning and drying time must be extended to ensure the same decontamination effect.
In the management of our decontamination center, the first is for the vehicles we need to sterilize. To carry out statistics and classification, the piglet transporter needs to be disinfected and dried once every day before work; the sow transporter needs to be transported every time. Once completed, disinfection and drying are required; commodity transportation vehicles need to be disinfected and dried before leaving work every day, after visiting the polluted area during transportation, and before transporting commercial pigs to the farm; other vehicles must be before entering the site Both need to be sterilized and dried. The second is to improve the vehicle decontamination registration system, and a special person is responsible for the registration of the decontaminated vehicle. At the same time, collect the drying time of the dried vehicle, and then sign a double with the driver before the vehicle can be released. The third is the rational use of the Internet of Things and monitoring systems. Real-time monitoring systems are installed in each area of the decontamination center, and the monitoring room displays monitoring screens. At the same time, the mobile phone client is connected to monitor the entire process of the decontamination process. In addition, the entire process of decontamination is recorded and recorded, so that the whole process can be visualized and traceable. This can not only ensure that the decontamination procedures of the vehicle meet the standards, but also provide a certificate for the decontamination of the vehicle. The fourth is to regularly and efficiently disinfect the decontamination center, such as high-temperature flame disinfection of the site floor.
For the construction of decontamination centers, what are the key points we need to control? The first is to recommend that the ground be hardened as much as possible in the field, so that it can be cleaned and disinfected as much as possible, and cross-contamination of subsequent vehicles can be avoided. The second is that whether it is a civil structure or a steel structure house, the necessary insulation and sealing measures must be done to ensure the saving of heat sources and improve the efficiency of drying and disinfection. The third is that whether it is a washing station or a drying station, effective drainage and drainage facilities should be set up, and drainage must be timely and effective. The fourth is to make necessary isolation measures for clean areas, especially for drying stations, to prevent live animals from secondary pollution to clean areas and decontaminated vehicles, such as establishing rat-proof walls. The fifth is that the decontamination center has more heat sources. We must pay attention to the construction of warning signs and safety reminders to avoid safety accidents. The sixth is the selection of some internal materials whether it is a washing station or a drying station. Materials with good anticorrosive properties must be used. Conventional materials must not be selected in order to save initial investment. Anticorrosive materials can ensure normal use and can be extended Rectify the overall service life of the decontamination center.
Whether it is a large-scale breeding company or a farmer, everyone is most concerned about how much the construction investment cost of a decontamination center will be. Let’s take a two-channel decontamination center constructed by Shanghai Gurui for a farming and animal husbandry group in Guangxi as an example to carry out a basic cost overview analysis.
The decontamination center covers an area of 15 acres, and the cost of renting the land is 6,900 yuan per year, which is about 120,000 yuan based on 20 years. It is about 180 meters to enter and exit the road, and the road cost is about 63,000 yuan. Meters, the cost of the wall is about 210,000 yuan; the ground hardening is about 3,000 square meters, the cost is about 450,000 yuan; the door guard room can use a container, the cost is about 12,000 yuan; the construction area of the cleaning station and drying station is about 700 square meters, the civil construction The cost of some parts is about 300,000 yuan, the cost of steel structure is about 700,000 yuan; the cost of auxiliary hydropower parts in the site is about 120,000 yuan; the cost of high-pressure cleaning equipment is about 350,000 yuan; the cost of drying and disinfecting equipment is about 560,000 yuan. The cost of LNG gas station is about 270,000 yuan; the cost of sewage treatment part is about 180,000 yuan; the cost of greening and other parts is about 100,000 yuan. That is, the cost of a fully functional decontamination center is about 3.4 million yuan.
Under the current pressure of epidemic prevention, in order to ensure the safe production of regional pig farms, it is worthwhile for each breeding company to invest in the construction of a decontamination center. The construction of a decontamination center is a necessary condition for the subsequent high-standard development of the Chinese aquaculture industry.
Thanks to Liu Zhi, the director of Shanghai Gurui Technology, for his strong support for this article.
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Post time: Mar-17-2020